新旧国际保护模式下地理标志与通用名称互变认定比较研究——以《中欧地理标志协定》为视角

A Comparative Study on the Recognition of Interchangeable Geographical Indications and Generic Names under the Old and New International Protection Models—A Perspective from the China-EU Agreement on Geographical Indications

摘要: 在地理标志与通用名称相互转变的问题上，以欧盟为代表的“旧”保护模式与以美国为代表的“新”保护模式存在着差别迥异的立场，不管是在通用名称的认定还是在通用名称逆转地理标志保护上，“新”“旧”世界的国家都有着不同的利益诉求。现阶段，《中美第一阶段经贸协议》和《中欧地理标志协定》的签订，使得中国被“夹”在了这两种模式之间。在未来的实践中，出现地理标志与通用名称转变的认定问题的几率很大。因此，对中国来说，选择一条既符合自身利益又符合国际规则的道路尤为重要。

Abstract: On the issue of the transformation of geographical indications and generic names, the “old” protection model represented by the European Union and the “new” protection model represented by the United States have very different positions. Whether in the identification of common names or in the common name reversal of GI protection, they have different interests. At this stage, the Signing of the Phase One China-US Economic and Trade Agreement and the China-EU agreement on Geographical Indications has put China “caught” between these two models. In the future practice, there is a great chance that the issue of the transformation of geographical indications and common names will arise. Therefore, it is particularly important for China to choose a path in its own interest that is both in line with the protection of its national interests and in line with international rules.