哈尔滨松北国家湿地公园春季浮游植物功能群研究及水质健康评价

Study on Phytoplankton Functional Groups and Water Quality Evaluation in Harbin Songbei National Wetland Park in May

摘要: 为了解松北国家湿地公园春季的水体浮游植物群落结构特征及其与水环境因子之间的关系，于2021年5月在松北国家湿地公园设置了8个采样点并进行浮游植物的采集以及水体理化因子的测定。结果共划分出19个功能群，其中最重要的是Y功能群，占比22.36%。通过Shanno-Weaver多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数对松北国家湿地公园的水质进行评价，多数处于轻污染或无污染状态。RDA分析结果显示TP、TN、pH和CODCr是对浮游植物影响最显著的环境理化因子。TP与优势功能群E等呈显著正相关，与优势功能群X2等有较小相关性，与优势功能群P、C、D、J等呈显著负相关；TN与优势功能群X2呈显著正相关；pH与优势功能群X1、J等呈显著正相关；CODCr与优势功能群J、C、D等呈显著正相关，与优势功能群E等呈显著负相关。

Abstract: The paper is proposed to order to understand the characteristics of phytoplankton community structure in Songbei National Wetland Park in spring and its relationship with water environment factors, and evaluate the water environment health system through phytoplankton diversity and other data. Eight sampling sites were set up in Songbei National Wetland Park in May 2021 to collect zooplankton and determine the physical and chemical factors of water body. The results showed that according to the community characteristics of plant functional groups, 19 functional groups were divided, of which Y functional group was the most important, accounting for 22.36%. The water quality of Songbei National Wetland Park is evaluated by Shanno-Weaver diversity index and Pielou evenness index. Most of them are in the state of light pollution or no pollution. The results of RDA analysis showed that TP, TN, pH and CODCr were the most significant environmental physical and chemical factors affecting phytoplankton. TP was significantly positively correlated with dominant functional group E, slightly correlated with dominant functional group X2, and significantly negatively correlated with dominant functional groups P, C, D, J; TN was positively correlated with dominant functional group X2; there was a significant positive correlation between pH pair and dominant functional groups X1 and J; CODCr was significantly positively correlated with dominant functional groups J, C and D, and negatively correlated with dominant functional group E.