石河子市社区居民脑卒中患者危险因素的相关性研究

Correlation Study on Risk Factors of Stroke Patients in Community Residents of Shihezi City

摘要: 目的：本研究对石河子市社区居民脑卒中危险因素进行分析并探讨其相关性，为该地区人群脑卒中的防治提供参考。方法：采用随机整群抽样方法收集石河子市40社区、42社区和33社区2019年1月1日至2020年12月31日年龄在40岁及以上的1328例人群的一般资料，并进行临床生化指标测定、颈动脉彩超等相关检查。筛选脑卒中危险因素进行分组：高危人群、中低危人群。运用SPSS25.0进行统计分析。结果：1) 在高危人群中，吸烟、饮酒、房颤、缺乏锻炼、高BMI的人数多于中低危人群；谷丙转氨酶、尿素氮、肌酐水平高于中低危人群。在高危人群中，左、右颈总动脉及颈内动脉内径人数低于中低危人群；颈动脉内斑块人数均高于中低危人群；2) 饮酒、房颤、缺乏锻炼、甘油三酯、颈内动脉斑块是脑卒中发病的危险性因素；左、右颈总动脉内径是脑卒中发病的保护性因素；3) 预测价值ROC曲线分析显示：曲线下面积为0.836 (95% CI: 1.811~1.862, P = 0.000)。约登指数为0.630，敏感性为0.905，特异性为0.725。结论：颈动脉内斑块是中老年人群发生脑卒中的独立危险因素。

Abstract: Objective: This study analyzed the risk factors of stroke in community residents of Shihezi City and explored their relevance to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of stroke in the population in this area. Methods: A random cluster sampling method was used to collect general data of 1328 people aged 40 and over from 40, 42 and 33 communities in Shihezi City from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020, and to determine clinical biochemical indicators, Carotid artery color Doppler ultrasound and other related examinations. The risk factors of stroke were screened and divided into groups: high-risk group, low- and middle-risk group. Use SPSS25.0 for statistical analysis. Results: 1) Among the high-risk group, smoking, alcohol consumption, atrial fibrillation, lack of exercise, and high BMI were more common than low- and middle-risk group; the levels of alanine aminotransferase, urea nitrogen and creatinine are higher than those of the low- and middle-risk group. Among high-risk group, the number of left and right common carotid arteries and internal carotid artery diameters is lower than that of low- and middle-risk group; the number of people with plaques in the carotid artery is higher than that of low- and middle-risk group; 2) Drinking, atrial fibrillation, lack of exercise, triglyceride ester and carotid artery plaque are risk factors for the onset of stroke; the left and right common carotid artery diameters are protective factors for the onset of stroke; 3) The predictive value ROC curve analysis shows that the area under the curve is 0.836 (95% CI: 1.811~1.862, P = 0.000). The Youden index is 0.630, the sensitivity is 0.905, and the specificity is 0.725. Conclusion: Plaque in the carotid artery is an independent risk factor for stroke in the elderly.