沙湖湿地生态修复前后浮游动物群落结构变化
Variation of Zooplankton Community Structure before and after Ecological Restoration in Shahu Lake Wetland
DOI: 10.12677/AEP.2022.121001, PDF,  被引量   
作者: 帅泓名, 刘曼红*, 翟 昊, 明霄阳, 刘笳旻：东北林业大学野生动物与自然保护地学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨
关键词: 宁夏沙湖；生态修复；生物指数；浮游动物；Shahu Lake in Ningxia； Ecological Restoration； Biological Index； Zooplankton
摘要: 为研究生态修复对浮游动物生物多样性和群落结构的影响，以宁夏沙湖(东经106˚19'6''~106˚24'10''，北纬38˚45'17''~38˚49'42'')为研究对象，根据湖泊的环境状况布设了8个采样点，分别于2015年和2020年的7月与10月进行调查研究。应用数据分析工具(PAST326b)计算香农–威纳(Shannon-Wiener)多样性指数(H')、皮洛(Pielou)均匀度指数(J)，利用SPSS软件对各样点生物指数进行单因素方差分析，应用电子表格软件(Excel)计算丰度、生物量、优势度指数；分析沙湖生态修复前(2015年)、生态修复后(2020年)的浮游动物群落结构特征和生物多样性变化，检验沙湖生态修复效果。研究结果显示，生态修复后沙湖浮游动物种类和数量明显增加，桡足类浮游动物最为显著；浮游动物丰度与生物量均普遍升高，分别可达5168.5 ind•L−1和11.28495 mg•L−1；优势种种数增多，优势度指数相比于修复前升高；生态修复后呈现香农–威纳(Shannon-Wiener)多样性指数(H')上升而皮洛(Pielou)均匀度指数(J)7月下降、10月上升的特点。上述调查结果表明，在生态修复中沙湖浮游动物群落结构并不稳定，可能需要较长时间的生物演替使得生态系统趋于稳定。
Abstract: In order to study the effects of ecological restoration on zooplankton biodiversity and community structure, eight sampling sites were set up in the Shahu Lake, Ningxia (106˚19'6''~106˚24'10''E, 38˚45'17''~38˚49'42''N). The survey was conducted in July 2015 and October 2020, respectively. Shannon-wiener diversity index (H') and Pielou evenness index (J) were calculated using data analysis tool (PAST 326B), and SPSS software was used to conduct one-way ANOVA for biological indices of various points. The abundance, biomass and dominance index were calculated by using Excel. The zooplankton community structure and biodiversity changes were analyzed before (2015) and after (2020) ecological restoration in the Shahu Lake, and the effect of ecological restoration was tested. The results showed that the species and quantity of zooplankton in Shahu Lake increased significantly after ecological restoration, especially copepods. The abundance and biomass of zooplankton increased to 5168.5 ind•L−1 and 11.28495 mg•L−1, respectively. The number of dominant types increased, and the dominance index increased compared with that before restoration. After ecological restoration, Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') increased while Pielou evenness index (J) decreased in July and increased in October. The results indicated that the zoo-plankton community structure in Shahu Lake was not stable during ecological restoration, and it may require a long time of biological succession to stabilize the ecosystem.
文章引用：帅泓名, 刘曼红, 翟昊, 明霄阳, 刘笳旻. 沙湖湿地生态修复前后浮游动物群落结构变化[J]. 环境保护前沿, 2022, 12(1): 1-9. https://doi.org/10.12677/AEP.2022.121001

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