人口老龄化对我国经济社会发展的影响研究

Research on the Influence of Population Aging on China’s Economic and Social Development

摘要: 随着经济的快速发展，医疗水平的不断提高，人们的生育观念逐渐发生转变，于是在低出生率和更高的平均寿命的共同作用下，中国快速进入至老龄化社会。因此，我国现阶段正处于产业结构转型升级的关键期与人口老龄化的加速期。我国人口老龄化呈现出发展速度快、未富先老、时间与空间不平衡的特征。从多方面影响着中国的经济，严重制约了我国经济高速优质的发展。因此本文从中国老龄化快速增长的原因、发展现状，以及人口老龄化对经济增长的负面影响来分析，得出人口老龄化对中国经济的影响，最后，结合以上研究提出解决人口老龄化问题、促进经济发展的对策建议。我国应提高生育率，大力发展老年产业并提高劳动供给，建立健全医疗卫生保障体系并加大对教育的投入，促进创新。从而更好地应对人口老龄化所带来的挑战。

Abstract: With the rapid economic development and the continuous improvement of medical standards, people’s concept of fertility has gradually changed, so under the combined effect of low birth rate and higher average life expectancy, China has quickly entered an aging society. Therefore, my country is currently in a critical period of industrial structure transformation and upgrading and an accelerated period of population aging. China’s population aging has the characteristics of rapid development, aging before getting rich, and imbalance between time and space. It has affected China’s economy in many ways and severely restricted the rapid and high-quality development of the economy. Therefore, this paper analyzes the reasons for the rapid growth of China’s aging population, the status quo of development, and the negative impact of population aging on economic growth, and derives the impact of population aging on China’s economy; and gives suggestions for countermeasures to promote economic development. In order to better cope with the challenges brought about by the aging population, China should increase the fertility rate, vigorously develop the elderly industry and increase labor supply, establish and improve the medical and health security system and increase investment in education to promote innovation.