中药淡豆豉寒热药性及功效应用的研究进展

Research Progress on the Cold-Heat Properties and Efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Sojae Semen Praeparatum

摘要: 为理清淡豆豉的寒热药性及功效，采用查阅现代文献、历代本草及方书为研究方法，探究淡豆豉的发展演变过程，归纳总结其药性、功效和主治应用等。淡豆豉始载于《名医别录》，汉代开始区分咸、淡用药，明代《本草蒙筌》确立淡豉入药。历代炮制、原料、辅料和续炮制方法改变了淡豆豉药性及功效。历代医家皆认为豉味苦气寒、无毒，明代部分医家开始认识豉有寒热之别。淡豆豉主入肺、胃经，还可入心、小肠、三焦、膀胱和肾经，并经火蒸窨其有升降之性。查阅现代文献和历代医家总结并补充淡豆豉功效和主治应用，以对功效主治方面的深入研究来突破现代对淡豆豉认识的局限性，为淡豆豉能更好地合理运用于临床及进一步深入研究提供理论支持。

Abstract: In order to clarify the cold and hot medicinal properties and efficacy of sojae semen praeparatum, the development and evolution of sojae semen praeparatum were explored by consulting modern literature, ancient herbs and prescriptions, and its medicinal properties, efficacy and indications were summarized. Sojae semen praeparatum was first recorded in the “Famous Medical Records”. In the Han Dynasty, it began to distinguish salty and light drugs. In the Ming Dynasty, “Bencao Mengquan” established Sojae semen praeparatum as a medicine. Past dynasties’ processing, raw materials, excipients and continuous processing methods have changed the medicinal properties and efficacy of Sojae semen praeparatum. Physicians in the past dynasties all believed that Chi was bitter, cold and nontoxic. Some doctors in the Ming Dynasty began to recognize that Chi had a dif-ference between cold and hot. Sojae semen praeparatum mainly goes into the lung, stomach, but also into the heart, small intestine, triple energizer, bladder and kidney, and by steaming scented its ascending and descending. Modern literature and previous physicians were consulted to summarize and supplement the efficacy and indications of sojae semen praeparatum, so as to break through the limitations of modern understanding of sojae semen praeparatum by indepth study of efficacy and indications, and provide theoretical support for better rational use of sojae semen praeparatum in clinical practice and further indepth study.