青海省不同产地当归栽培品种的品质评价

Quality Evaluation for Cultivated Angelica sinensis in Different Areas of Qinghai Province

摘要: 目的：比较不同产地当归的性状和有效成分的差异，选出最优产地，以期为当归引种栽培奠定基础。方法：以青海省不同产地二年生的当归为材料，分析主根长、根直径、根鲜重、根干重、支根数等生物学性状的差异，测定阿魏酸和挥发油含量。结果：1) 湟源县大桦镇水坝村所产当归在药材质地、重量、主根粗壮以及主根长度等方面均有显著优势。从总体上看，当归外在品质性状的排序为湟源 > 湟中 >大通 > 民和 > 乐都 > 互助。2) 青海产当归的阿魏酸和挥发油含量都高于2015版《中国药典》规定的0.05%和0.4%。不同产地当归中阿魏酸与挥发油含量的差异较大。互助、湟源、和湟中地区栽培当归的挥发油含量和阿魏酸含量都较高，而大通、民和和乐都地区栽培当归的挥发油含量和阿魏酸含量相对较低。结论：青海省这6个产地都适宜当归的栽培，且以湟源和湟中两地为最佳产地。

Abstract: Objective: By comparing the differences of characters and effective components of Angelica sinensis from different areas, the best place was selected to lay a foundation for the introduction and cultivation of A. sinensis. Methods: Using biennial A. sinensis from different areas in Qinghai province as the material, the differences of the biological characters such as main root length, root diameter, root fresh weight, root dry weight and number of branches were analyzed and the contents of ferulic acid and essential oil were determined. Results: 1) Quality of medicinal materials, main root length, root diameter, fresh weight and dry weight has obvious advantage of Angelica sinensis from Dam Village, Dahua Town, Huangyuan County. In general, the sequence of A. sinensis biological characters was Huangyuan > Huangzhong > Datong > Minhe > Ledu > Huzhu. 2) The contents of ferulic acid and essential oil in A. sinensis from Qinghai were both higher than 0.05% and 0.4% as stipulated in the 2015 Edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The contents of ferulic acid and essential oil of A. sinensisfrom in different areas are quite different. The contents of essential oil and ferulic acid of A. sinensis cultivated in Huzhu, Huangyuan and Huangzhong were higher, while those of A. sinensis cultivated in Datong, Minhe and Ledu were relatively lower. Conclusion: All the 6 producing areas in Qinghai province are suitable for A. sinensis cultivation, and Huangyuan and Huangzhong are the best producing areas.