靶向肿瘤相关巨噬细胞的抗肿瘤策略研究进展

Advances in Antitumor Strategies Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages

摘要: 肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(tumor associated macrophages, TAMs)是大多数肿瘤中浸润最多的一类免疫细胞，在肿瘤发生、发展和转移中均发挥关键性作用。TAMs具有较强的异质性与可塑性。受肿瘤微环境(Tumor Microenvironment, TME)复杂因子的影响，TAMs呈现不同的表型与功能，主要包括抑肿瘤的M1样TAMs和促肿瘤的M2样TAMs。大多数肿瘤中，TAMs呈现M2样表型，通过促进血管生成、抑制细胞毒性T细胞浸润和功能活化、诱导调节性T细胞、产生基质金属蛋白酶等机制抑制肿瘤免疫微环境，从而促进肿瘤的发生、发展和转移。因此，靶向TAMs已成为肿瘤免疫治疗的潜在重要手段。本文主要综述了目前已有的靶向TAMs的治疗策略和研究进展。

Abstract: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most infiltrating class of immune cells in most tumors and play a key role in tumor development, progression and metastasis. TAMs have strong heterogeneity and plasticity. Influenced by the complex factors of tumor microenvironment (TME), TAMs present different phenotypes and functions, including M1-like TAMs that inhibit tumors and M2-like TAMs that promote tumors. In most tumors, TAMs present an M2-like phenotype and inhibit the tumor immune microenvironment by promoting angiogenesis, inhibiting cytotoxic T cell infiltration and functional activation, inducing regulatory T cells, and producing matrix metalloproteinases, thereby promoting tumor development, progression, and metastasis. Therefore, targeted TAMs have become a potentially important means of cancer immunotherapy. This review focuses on the existing therapeutic strategies and research progress of targeted Tams.