毕拉河国家级自然保护区秋季鱼类物种多样性研究

Study on Autumn Fish Species Diversity in The Bilahe National Nature Reserve

摘要: 为掌握毕拉河国家级自然保护区现有鱼类组成及物种多样性状况，2020年10月2~8日在毕拉河自然保护区境内流域展开渔获物调查，分析该地区鱼类资源现状及物种多样性。本次鱼类调查共鉴出1纲6目7科17种，其中鲤形目最多为11种，鲑形目2种，鲶形目、鲈形目、鮋形目和鳕形目各1种。以相对重要指数(IRI)大于500为标准，毕拉河自然保护区优势种为湖鱥(Phoxinus percnurus)、洛氏鱥(Phoxinus lagowskii)、细鳞鱼(Brachymystax lenok)。鱼类物种多样性指数Shannon-Wiener、Pielou均匀度指数及Margalef丰富度指数平均值分别为2.73、0.36及1.67。基于调查结果，毕拉河国家级自然保护区境内流域生境特点适合冷水性鲑科鱼类生长发育。

Abstract: In order to master the current fish composition and species diversity of The Bilahe National Nature Reserve, the fish survey was carried out in the watershed of the Bila River Nature Reserve from October 2 to 8, 2020 to analyze the current distribution of fish resources and species diversity in this area. A total of 17 species belonging to 1 class, 6 orders and 7 families were identified, including 11 species from cypriniformes, 2 species from salmoniformes, 1 species from siluriformes, perciformes, scorpaeniformes and gadiformes. To the relative important index (IRI) of over 500, the dominant species in Bilahe nature reserve are Rhynchocypris percnurus, Phoxinus lagowskii and Brachymystax lenok. The fish species diversity indexes Shannon-Wiener, Pielou and Margalef indexes were 2.73, 0.36 and 1.67, respectively. Based on the results, the habitat characteristics of the Bilahe National Nature Reserve are suitable for the growth and development of cold water salmonid fish.