汉语会话打断的识别与评价研究

Study on the Perception and Evaluation of Chinese Interruption Phenomenon

摘要: 会话打断是日常交谈中经常发生的现象。本文主要以实验的方式，通过打断点(早打断、晚打断和无打断)和打断类型(话题转换型、同意型、异议型和澄清型)两个标准，研究汉语母语者对打断的识别顺序以及礼貌程度的评价。实验通过音频方式呈现，以问卷调查的方式进行。104名被试均来自于兰州大学，根据音频做出相应的判断。本文的研究结果表明，在打断点的判断中，早打断最容易识别，礼貌程度最低；其次是晚打断；无打断最不容易识别，礼貌程度最高。在打断类型的判断中，话题转换型最容易识别，评价最消极；其次是异议型打断；澄清型和同意型不容易识别，礼貌程度更高，而且两者的识别和评价并无显著差异。本研究还发现打断的识别和评价之间存在相关性：越容易识别的打断评价越消极。

Abstract: Interruption is a common phenomenon in daily conversation. This paper experimentally studied Chinese native speakers’ perception and evaluation of conversational interruption by using two criteria: the point of interruption (early interruption, late interruption and no interruption) and the type of interruption (change of subject, agreement, disagreement and clarification). The con-versational materials were presented by audio and conducted in the form of questionnaire. There are 104 participants from Lanzhou University that were asked to make judgments based on audio recordings. The results show that early interruption can be identified easily and the evaluation is the most negative; and then is the late interruption; no interruption is difficult to identify and the most positive evaluation. In the judgment of interruption type, change of subject is the easiest to identify and the most negative to evaluate; Disagreement is a close second position; Clarification is equal with the agreement, which are not easy to identify and are more polite, and there is no significant difference in identification and evaluation between them. The study also found a correlation between the identification and evaluation of interruption: the more easily recognized the interruption, the more negative the evaluation.