基于POI的呼和浩特市休闲设施空间特征分析

Analysis on Spatial Features of Leisure Facilities in Hohhot Based on POI

摘要: 基于2019年的呼和浩特市休闲设施POI数据，运用平均最近邻指数法、Ripley’s K函数和核密度估计法，定性与定量相结合分析研究区休闲设施的空间特征，结果表明：1) 从空间数量分布看，呼和浩特市各类休闲设施空间数量分布差异显著，购物类和餐饮类休闲设施超过总数的95%。总体休闲设施的空间数量分布“西密东疏”，非均衡性特征显著；2) 从集聚性特征看，研究区各类休闲设施均呈现显著的集聚特征，购物类休闲设施的集聚态势较强，旅游类休闲设施的集聚态势较弱；3) 从空间多尺度特征来看，各类型休闲设施在不同空间尺度上的集聚性表现存在差异，均呈现显著的“单峰”集聚分布，随着观测距离的增加，各类休闲设施的集聚程度先增大后减小。其中旅游类休闲设施出现的峰值最大，空间分布较分散，其区位选择的尺度范围较大；4) 从空间密度分布特征来看，购物类、餐饮类、娱乐类以及健身类休闲设施主要在中心城区密集分布，而旅游类、人文类休闲设施以中心城区为主，四周多零散分布。

Abstract: Based on the POI data of Hohhot leisure facilities in 2019, the spatial characteristics of leisure facilities in the study area were analyzed by using the mean nearest neighbor index, Ripley’s K function and kernel density estimation method and combining qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results showed that: 1) From the perspective of spatial distribution, the spatial distribution of various leisure facilities in Hohhot was significantly different. Shopping and dining leisure facilities account for more than 95% of the total. The spatial distribution of the overall leisure facilities was “close to the west and sparse to the east”, with significant imbalance characteristics. 2) From the perspective of agglomeration characteristics, all types of leisure facilities in the study area showed significant agglomeration characteristics, and the agglomeration trend of shopping leisure facilities was stronger, and the agglomeration of tourist leisure facilities was weaker. 3) From the perspective of spatial multi-scale characteristics, all types of leisure facilities present a significant “single-peak” agglomeration distribution. As the observation distance increased, the degree of agglomeration first increased and decreased after large. 4) From the perspective of spatial density distribution characteristics, shopping, dining, entertainment, and fitness leisure facilities were mainly densely distributed in the central city, while tourism and humanistic leisure facilities were mainly distributed in the central city and scattered around.