海洋噪音污染的国际法规制与完善

International Legal Regulation and Perfection of Marine Noise Pollution

摘要: 当前，国际社会越来越认识到噪音已经成为一种海洋污染形式，对海洋生物尤其是海洋哺乳动物会产生不利影响。而法律的滞后性导致现有国际法无法有效规制这一新兴问题，因此有必要完善海洋噪音污染的国际法规则。本文梳理了现有规制海洋噪音污染的主要国际法律文件，分析这些法律文件对噪音的规范缺失，并结合相关研究成果提出立法的完善建议，分别从促进专门性立法、制定管控标准、明确监管和责任机制、限制例外情形、加强国际合作和促进科技进步等角度展开分析。

Abstract: At present, the international community is increasingly aware that noise has become a form of marine pollution, which has a negative impact on marine life, especially marine mammals. The lag of the law makes international law unable to effectively regulate this emerging problem, so it is necessary to improve the international law rules of marine noise pollution. This paper sorts out the main international legal documents that regulate marine noise pollution, analyzes the lack of regulation of noise in these legal documents, and puts forward suggestions for improving legislation based on relevant research results. The analysis is carried out from the perspectives of promoting specialized legislation, formulating management and control standards, clarifying supervision and responsibility mechanisms, limiting exceptions, strengthening international cooperation, and promoting scientific and technological progress.