考虑蒙皮材料特性的体压分布仿真及评价研究

Research on Body Pressure Simulation and Evaluation Considering the Material Property of Seat Cover

摘要: 根据最新的中国人体测量数据建立了人体生物力学模型，其中包括人体骨骼、软组织和体表，不同的软组织根据部位和特点赋予不同的材料特性来准确模拟体压分布。研究了座椅蒙皮材料的力学特性和有限元建模方法，研究了体压分布仿真和评价方法。作为实例，根据实车座椅几何数据建立了座椅有限元模型，并装配人体模型后对体压分布进行了仿真，并将仿真结果和试验结果进行了对比，验证了仿真的准确度，并验证了所设计的座椅的舒适性和人体颈部的舒适性。本文的体压分布仿真和评价方法是一种系统的、实用的根据体压分布预测座椅舒适性的方法，能在设计早期只有少量几何数据的情况下就快速预估座椅舒适性，具有很好的使用价值。

Abstract: The human body biomechanical models were created based on the latest Chinese anthropometry data. These models consisted of bone, soft tissue and skin, and the soft tissues were assigned with different material parameters to simulate body-seat interface pressure. The mechanical modeling of the seat cover was studied, as well as the simulation and evaluation of the body-seat interface pressure. As a case study, the seat FE model was established using the real-vehicle seat geometric data. The seat and body were assembled to conducted body-seat interface pressure. The simulative result was compared with those of test, which validated the accuracy of simulation. Furthermore, the comfort of seat and the postural comfort of neck of the human body were validated. The inter-face pressure simulation and evaluation method presented in this paper is a systematic and useful way predicting the seat comfort using interface pressure, which can be used to pre-evaluate the comfort characteristics of seat, and it is of great value of application.