废弃烟头饲喂黄粉虫的生物降解研究

Study on Biodegradation of Waste Cigarette Butts Fed on Tenebrio molitor

摘要: 目的：以黄粉虫为研究对象，根据其杂食性的特点，研究其降解废弃烟头的可行性并得出最优饲喂条件，利用黄粉虫强大的消化吸收能力，进行废弃烟头的降解，为环境的可持续发展做出贡献。方法：采用单因素实验法，改变饲喂条件(废弃烟头与麦麸的比例和饲养密度)，通过测定黄粉虫幼虫的死亡率、增重率、水溶性蛋白含量、重金属含量，研究不同饲喂条件对其生长发育的影响，得出废弃烟头作为饲料是否具有可行性，以及最适合的饲喂条件。结果：黄粉虫生物降解最适配方为75%废弃烟头 + 25%麦麸，其增长率、增重率最大。在最佳配比和最优条件下饲喂黄粉虫幼虫，不同虫龄蛋白质含量与100%麦麸饲养没有明显差异。在虫体长2.5 cm时，测定黄粉虫幼虫中的重金属含量并未超标。在密度为0.4头/cm³时，黄粉虫幼虫取食量最大，最大可达2.0256 mg/d。结论：本研究表明利用废弃烟头饲喂黄粉虫幼虫的方法具有可行性并且不会对黄粉虫生长发育造成影响。

Abstract: Objective: Taking Tenebrio molitor as the research object, according to its omnivorous character-istics, to study the feasibility of degrading waste cigarette butts, and obtain the optimal feeding conditions, and make use of its strong digestion and absorption capacity to degrade waste cigarette butts, so as to contribute to the sustainable development of the environment. Methods: Single factor experiment was used to change the feeding conditions (the ratio of waste cigarette butts to wheat bran and feeding density). By measuring the mortality, weight gain rate, water-soluble protein content and heavy metal content of Tenebrio molitor larvae, the effects of different feeding conditions on their growth and development were studied, and the feasibility of waste cigarette butts as feed and the most suitable feeding conditions were obtained. Results: The optimum for-mula of Tenebrio molitor biodegradation was 75% waste cigarette butts + 25% wheat bran, and its growth rate and weight gain rate were the highest. Tenebrio molitor was fed under optimal feeding ratios and feeding conditions showed no significant difference in protein content between different in stages and 100% wheat bran feeding. When the length of the insect was 2.5 cm, the content of heavy metals in Tenebrio molitor larvae did not exceed the standard. When the density was 0.4 head/cm³, the feeding amount of Tenebrio molitor larvae was the largest, up to 2.0256 mg/d. Con-clusion: This study shows that the method of feeding Tenebrio molitor larvae with waste cigarette butts is feasible and will not affect the growth and development of Tenebrio molitor.