PDC钻头激光熔覆性能增强技术研究

Research on Laser Cladding Performance Enhancement Technology of PDC Bits

摘要: 本文针对PDC钻头在复杂地质条件中容易出现的崩齿、断齿等问题，提出采用激光熔覆技术在PDC材料表面非唇口区熔覆羊角型复合涂层来改变PDC切削齿表面的残余应力分布，有效消除钻头工作过程中显微裂纹的产生，同时通过改变切削齿的表面几何受力条件来缓冲冲击载荷，提高钻齿抗冲击性能。试验结果表明，经激光熔覆处理之后的PDC钻头的寿命提高达50%以上。

Abstract: Tooth breakage and collapse often occur in the working process of PDC bit in complicated geological condition, this paper put forward a method that cladding claw type composite coating by laser cladding in PDC surface to change the residual stress distribution on the surface of the PDC, it effectively eliminates bit microscopic cracks produced in the process of work, at the same time, by changing the surface of the bit geometrical stress conditions to cushion the impact load, improves drill tooth shock resistance. The test results show that the life of PDC bit increased by more than 50% after laser cladding treatment.