高应变率下铝合金动态冲击力学性能研究

Study on Dynamic Impact Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloy under High Strain Rate

摘要: 为了研究铝合金材料在新能源汽车上受到的动载作用，本文以6061和7075两种典型的铝合金材料作为研究对象，通过采用压杆试验装置(SHPB)开展不同冲击气压下6061和7075铝合金的动态力学特征和应力波传递规律，考察了该材料在不同应变率下的行为特征，分析了在不同载荷作用下应力波传递和材料损伤的关系。结果表明：随着应变率的增大，入射波应力随之增大，透射波应力幅度明显提升，导致透射波传递的时间变长，在高应变率下更容易使材料受损。

Abstract: In order to study the dynamic load effect of aluminum alloy materials on new energy vehicles, in this paper, two typical aluminum alloy materials 6061 and 7075 are taken as research objects, the dynamic mechanical characteristics and stress wave transfer law of 6061 and 7075 aluminum alloys under different impact pressure were investigated by using the pressure bar test device (SHPB), the behavior characteristics of the material under different strain rates were investigated, and the relationship between stress wave transfer and material damage under different loads was analyzed. The results show, as the strain rate increases, the incident wave stress increases accordingly, the stress amplitude of transmitted wave increased obviously, as a result, the transmission time of transmitted wave becomes longer and the material is more likely to be damaged at high strain rate.