前交叉韧带重建术的研究进展

Research Progress of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

摘要: 当前阶段我国国民经济取得了飞速发展，人民生活水平开始得到很大幅度的提升，人们在物质和精神上的追求也发生了极大的变化，各种娱乐性和竞技类运动逐渐增加。而在这些运动性损伤中，前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤占据着其中重要的一部分。关节镜下ACL重建术是目前全球广泛公认的治疗ACL损伤有效的治疗手段。目前大多数学术研究都在重点围绕着韧带损伤的人体生物力学、运动学、手术治疗方案、移植物的选择、术后关节康复、术后并发症、韧带的固定方法、麻醉及疼痛等多个方面进行深入讨论。随着对ACL损伤的深入了解，新的治疗方式不断被提出，本文将从损伤后手术时机的选择、移植物的应用、固定装置、重建技术、术后生物治疗药物的运用以及继发性骨性关节炎的治疗几个方面进行阐述。

Abstract: At present, China’s national economy has made rapid development, people’s living standards have been greatly improved, people’s pursuit of material and spiritual has also undergone great changes, a variety of entertainment and competitive sports are gradually increasing. Among these sports injuries, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury occupies an important part. Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction is widely recognized as an effective method for the treatment of ACL injury. At present, most academic studies focus on human biomechanics, kinematics, surgical treatment of ligament injury, selection of graft, postoperative joint rehabilitation, postoperative complications, ligament fixation, anesthesia and pain, in-depth discussion. With the in-depth understanding of ACL injury, new treatment methods are constantly put forward. This article will explain from several aspects: the choice of operation time after injury, the application of graft, fixation device, re-construction technology, the use of postoperative biotherapy and the treatment of secondary os-teoarthritis.