云南省楚雄州多年平均降水量时空变化及地区分布规律分析

Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Variation and Regional Distribution Law in Annual Mean Precipitation over Chuxiong Prefecture, Yunnan Province

摘要: 随着经济的快速发展，楚雄州水资源量不足的问题已是社会普遍关注的问题，而楚雄州内水资源均由大气降水形成，且降水量时空变化和地区分布直接影响地表径流量变化。研究降水量及其变化和分布，对水资源量研究具有重要意义。因此，本文根据楚雄州第三次水资源调查评价，选择了26个具有1956~2016年长系列雨量站资料作为主要计算站，其他具有1980~2016年资料的52个站作为参考，采用ArcGis软件自动绘制和人工经验修订相结合的方法绘制楚雄州1956~2016年多年平均降水量、Cv等值线图，并用面积加权法量算出楚雄州及各县(市)多年平均降水量。并根据降水的影响因素分析楚雄州降水量年内分配、水平地带和垂直分布规律、年际变化特征，为楚雄州水资源量分析和防洪减灾等提供参考作用。

Abstract: With the rapid development of economy, the problem of shortage of water resources has been widespread concern; within the current conditions, the water resources are formed by atmospheric precipitation, and precipitation temporal variation and regional distribution directly affect the surface runoff change, rainfall and its variation and distribution, and research on water resources is of great significance. Therefore, according to the third water resources survey and evaluation in Chuxiong Prefecture, 26 rain stations with data from 1956 to 2016 were selected as the main calculation stations, and the other 52 stations with data from 1980 to 2016 were selected as the reference. The annual average precipitation and Cv contour map of Chuxiong Prefecture from 1956 to 2016 were drawn by the method of ArcGis software automatic drawing and manual experience revision, and the annual average precipitation of Chuxiong Prefecture and all counties (cities) were calculated by area weighting method. According to the influencing factors of precipitation, the an-nual distribution, horizontal and vertical distribution and inter-annual variation characteristics of precipitation in Chuxiong Prefecture are analyzed, which can provide a reference for water resources quantity analysis and flood control and disaster reduction in Chuxiong Prefecture.