原发性胆汁性胆管炎的临床特征及危险因素分析

Analysis of the Clinical Features and Risk Factors of Primary Biliary Cholangitis

摘要: 目的：分析原发性胆汁性胆管炎(Primary biliary cholangitis, PBC)的临床特征及其危险因素，为PBC的诊断治疗提供参考和支持。方法：选取2020年9月~2021年11月在该院就诊的PBC患者180例为患病组，另外收集同期在该院健康体检中心检查的74例健康人为对照。分别收集两组研究对象的生化检查、抗体检测和家族史等资料。通过统计分析临床特征的差异性和危险因素。结果：对两组研究对象的一般检查进行分析发现，白蛋白、球蛋白、直接胆红素、间接胆红素、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、γ-氨基酰基转移、碱性磷酸酶、腺苷酸脱氨酶、亮氨酸转肽酶、岩藻糖苷酶、总胆汁酸和血小板在PBC组和健康对照组(HC)之间有差异。对差异性指标进行二元Logistic回归分析后，结果显示白蛋白、谷草转氨酶、γ-氨基酰基转移酶、总胆汁酸(P值均<0.05)均是PBC的危险因素。结论：白蛋白、谷草转氨酶、γ-氨基酰基转移酶、总胆汁酸均是PBC的危险因素。

Abstract: Objective: To analyse the clinical features of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and its risk factors, and to provide reference and support for the diagnosis and treatment of PBC. Methods: One hundred and eighty patients with PBC who attended the hospital from September 2020 to November 2021 were selected as the disease group, and another 74 healthy individuals who were examined at the health check-up centre of the hospital during the same period were collected as controls. Biochemical examinations, antibody tests and family histories of the two study groups were collected separately. Differences in clinical characteristics and risk factors were analysed by statistical analysis. Results: Analysis of the general examination of the two study groups revealed that albumin, globulin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, glutamic aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-aminoacyl transfer, alkaline phosphatase, adenylate deaminase, leucine transpeptidase, alpha1-2 fucosidase, total bile acids and platelets differed between the PBC group and the healthy controls (HC). After binary logistic regression analysis of the differential indicators, the results showed that albumin, glutamate aminotransferase, γ-aminoacyltransferase and total bile acids (all P values < 0.05) were all risk factors for PBC. Conclusion: Albumin, glutathione, γ-aminoacyltransferase, and total bile acids were all risk factors for PBC.