肝硬化门静脉高压及其并发症治疗新进展
New Advances in the Treatment of Portal Hypertension and Its Complications in Cirrhosis
DOI: 10.12677/ACM.2022.123316, PDF,   
作者: 程文瑾:山东大学附属公共卫生临床中心,山东 济南
关键词: 门静脉高压肝硬化治疗Portal Hypertension Cirrhosis Treatment
摘要: 门静脉高压是肝硬化失代偿期常见的并发症之一。肝细胞凋亡后肝脏微循环功能发生障碍,内质网(ER)应激、肝窦内皮细胞(LSECs)毛细血管化,肝星状细胞(HSC)及肝巨噬细胞活化等一系列变化导致细胞外基质沉积和血管物质失调,最终发展为门脉高压。若不加以控制,门静脉压力会随着肝硬化的进展逐渐升高,进而发生上消化道出血、腹水及肝性脑病等并发症,危及患者生命。本文综述了门静脉高压的发生机制,归纳了降低门静脉压力以及延缓肝硬化进展药物的探索,并总结了目前在并发症治疗上的新进展,从而为临床工作提供新的思路。
Abstract: Portal hypertension is one of the common complications of decompensated cirrhosis. Hepatic microcirculation impaired after hepatocyte apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) capillarization, hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and activation of hepatic macrophages lead to extracellular matrix deposition and vascular disorders, which eventually develop into portal hypertension. If not controlled, portal vein pressure will gradually increase with the progression of cirrhosis, and then complications such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding, ascites and hepatic encephalopathy will occur, endangering patients’ lives. This article reviews the mechanism of portal hypertension, summarizes the exploration of drugs to reduce portal hypertension and delay the progression of cirrhosis, and summarizes the new progress in the treatment of complications, so as to provide new ideas for clinical work.
文章引用:程文瑾. 肝硬化门静脉高压及其并发症治疗新进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2022, 12(3): 2192-2200. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACM.2022.123316

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