我国影子教育的成因、效应及治理对策研究：一个文献综述

Research on the Causes, Effects and Governance Countermeasures of Shadow Education in China: A Literature Review

摘要: 进入21世纪以来，影子教育行业规模不断壮大，在教育资源分配不均和“双减”政策逐渐完善的背景下，影子教育越发成为除学校教育外学生寻求教育资源的新途径，是否参与影子教育已成为教育热点话题，而如何规范影子教育相关产业，也成为政府的治理重点。本文通过对21世纪以来中国知网上与影子教育相关研究文献的内容分析，总结了影子教育的定义、衡量与发展，我国学生参与影子教育的影响因素，我国影子教育的影响效果和影子教育的治理对策，最后总结已有研究中的不足点，为今后影子教育的深入研究提供帮助，也为“双减”政策提供理论支持。

Abstract: Since the 21st century, the scale of shadow education industry has been growing. Under the background of uneven distribution of educational resources and gradual improvement of the “double reduction” policy, shadow education has increasingly become a new way for students to seek educational resources besides school education. Whether to participate in shadow education has become a hot educational topic, and how to regulate shadow education-related industries has also become the focus of government governance. Based on the content analysis of the research literature related to shadow education on CNQI since the 21st century, this paper summarizes the definition, measure and development of shadow education, the influencing factors of Chinese students’ participation in shadow education, the influence effect of shadow education in China and the governance countermeasures of shadow education. Finally, it summarizes the shortcomings of existing research to provide help for the future in-depth study of shadow education. It also provides theoretical support for the “double reduction” policy.