盐胁迫对4种盐沼草钠钾离子变化的影响

Effects of Salt Stress on Changes of Na⁺ and K⁺in Four Salt Marsh Grasses

摘要: 为进一步探讨4种盐沼草的耐盐机制，该研究采用五种不同浓度的NaCl盐溶液模拟不同盐生境，实验结束后取植物地上和地下部分，洗净、烘干，粉碎经消解后用ICP分别测K⁺、Na⁺含量，测定地上部分与地下部分存活率、盐害率、地上部分与地下部分钠钾离子含量变化、地上部分与地下部分钠钾比含量对比。结果表明：南水葱、短叶茳芏在3%盐度时均出现死亡率，而卤蕨和锈鳞飘拂草在实验盐度范围内均没有黄叶现象，锈鳞飘拂草在3.5%时才表现出轻微盐害。随着盐度升高，4种植物地上和地下部分钠离子含量均表现出逐渐上升的趋势，且地上部分钠钾比值较小于地下部分，南水葱的地上部分钠钾比在3.5%盐度时显著上升，短叶茳芏在3%、3.5%盐度下地下部分钠钾比显著上升，锈鳞飘拂草地下部分钠钾比在3.5%盐度时显著上升，表明这些植物在该盐度下已遭受严重胁迫，除锈鳞飘拂草外无明显变化外，其他3种植物与表观的黄叶等盐害现象一致。

Abstract: In order to further explore the salt tolerance mechanism of four salt marsh grasses, five different concentrations of salt solutions were used to simulate different salt habitats. After the experiment, the aboveground and underground parts of plants were taken, washed and dried, and the contents of K⁺, Na⁺ were measured by ICP after crushing and digesting, and the survival rate, salt damage rate of above ground and underground parts were determined. The content of Na⁺ and K⁺ in the aboveground and underground parts and the ratio of sodium and potassium in the aboveground and underground parts were compared. Scirpus validus var. laeviglumis and Cyperus malaccensis Lam. var. brevifolius Boeck occurs mortality at 3% salinity. However, for the Acrostichum aureurm and Fimbristylis ferrugineae (Linn.) Vahl, there is no yellow leaf phenomenon in the range of experimental salinity. F. ferrugineae showed slight salt damage only at 3.5%. With the increase of salinity, the contents of Na⁺ in the above-ground and underground parts of the four plants showed a gradual upward trend, and the Na⁺ and K⁺ ratios in the aboveground parts were smaller than those in the underground parts. The Na⁺ and K⁺ ratios in the aerial parts of the S. validus var. laeviglumis are significantly higher than that at 3.5% salinity. The Na⁺ and K⁺ ratios in the aboveground of C. malaccensis increased significantly at 3% and 3.5% salinity, while the Na⁺ and K⁺ ratios in the underground parts of the F. ferrugineae increased significantly at 3.5% salinity, indicating that these plants had been severely stressed under this salinity, except for the F. ferrugineae, which had no obvious change, and was consistent with the apparent yellow leaves and other salt damage phenomena.