对影响明清经济发展要素的分析

An Analysis of the Factors Affecting the Economic Development of the Ming and Qing Dynasties

摘要: 在明朝永乐时期，郑和奉命七次下西洋与各国通商，此时的中国仍然是世界经济的中心，在世界经济中占有重要地位。在明朝中后期，受到倭寇、海盗以及西方殖民者的影响，明朝开始施行“闭关锁国”政策，一直到鸦片战争被英国打开国门。此时，中国逐渐失去了世界经济的中心，在世界经济的影响力越来越小，那么在明清时期我国经济发展的情况是怎样的呢？又受到哪些因素的影响？我们从政治制度、农业制度、税务制度、对外贸易政策等几方面来进行探讨。

Abstract: During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He was ordered to go to the West seven times to trade with other countries. At this time, China is still the center of the world economy and plays an important role in the world economy. In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, under the influence of Japanese pirates, pirates and western colonists, the Ming Dynasty began to implement the “closed door” policy until the Opium War was opened by Britain. At this time, China gradually lost the cen-ter of the world economy and had less and less influence on the world economy. So what was the situation of my country’s economic development in the Ming and Qing Dynasties? What factors were affected? The system, agricultural system, tax system, foreign trade policy and other aspects will be discussed.