化疗期青年癌症患者心理痛苦现状及对其生活质量的影响

Psychological Distress and Quality of Life in Young Cancer Patients during Chemotherapy

摘要: 目的：了解化疗期间青年癌症患者心理痛苦现状，分析患者心理痛苦对其健康相关生活质量的影响，为减轻患者消极心理和改善生活质量提供依据。方法：采用一般资料问卷、心理痛苦温度计(DT)、健康调查简表(SF-36)对济南市某三甲医院肿瘤科就诊的214名青年癌症患者进行问卷调查。结果：化疗期青年癌症患者DT平均值为2.98分(SD = 2.18)，轻度痛苦(1~3分)者占多数，为57.94%。影响其心理痛苦的最为突出的三项问题是：经济问题(50.47%)，无时间精力照顾孩子(48.13%)和担忧情绪(42.06%)。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示，心理痛苦显著负向预测生活质量(β = −0.56, P < 0.001)，工作状况正向预测生活质量(β = 0.11, P = 0.046)。结论：青年癌症患者普遍存在心理痛苦，心理痛苦显著负向预测生活质量，临床医护人员应重视青年癌症患者的心理痛苦问题，关注患者的心理变化，寻找多条途径减轻其心理痛苦，进行针对性的情绪疏导和心理护理，以期改善患者的生活质量。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the relationship between psychological distress and quality of life in young cancer patients during chemotherapy, and to provide evidence for alleviating negative psychology and improving quality of life. Methods: A total of 214 young cancer patients in the oncology department of a grade A hospital in Jinan were investigated by general data questionnaire (DT) health Survey (SF-36). Results: The average DT of young cancer patients during chemotherapy was 2.98 points (SD = 2.18), mild pain (1~3 points) was the majority, 57.94%, and the three most prominent problems affecting their psychological pain were economic problems (50.47%), lack of time and energy to take care of children (48.13%) and worry (42.06%). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that psychological distress significantly negatively predicted quality of life (β = −0.56, P< 0.001); work status positively predicted quality of life (β = 0.11, P = 0.046). Conclusion: Psychological distress is common among young cancer patients. Psychological distress significantly negatively predicted quality of life. Clinical medical staff should pay attention to the psychological pain of young cancer patients, pay attention to the psychological changes of patients, find multiple ways to alleviate their psychological pain, carry out targeted emotional counseling and psychologi-cal nursing, in order to improve the patient’s quality of life.