基于网络药理学探讨乳香的抗炎作用机制

Studies on the Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism of Frankincense Based on Network Pharmacology

摘要: 目的：乳香是橄榄科乳香属植物乳香树树皮渗出的树脂。现代临床研究表明，乳香的主要药理有抗炎活性、抗肿瘤活性、神经保护活性及抗病毒、抗菌活性，但其抗炎活性的机制尚不明确。方法：本研究通过TCMSP、Swiss、Venny2.1、Gene Cards等数据库进行检索，对乳香的有效活性成分，有效活性成分对应的靶点基因及相关的抗炎信号通路进行了研究。构建了“成分–靶点”网络，进行了靶点蛋白的相互作用分析、GO生物功能和KEGG通路富集分析。结果：从乳香中分析筛选出12个活性成分，包括乳香脂酸、因香酚、甘遂醇等；52个靶点基因，包括PRKCH、PRKCG、NOS2、PTPN2、PRKCE等；8条炎症相关的信号通路，如NF-κB信号通路，TRP信号通路等。讨论：乳香可以通过PRKCH、PRKCG等靶点基因，以及NF-κB，TRP等信号通路发挥抗炎作用，乳香“多成分–多靶点–多通路”的作用特点，为乳香及其成分的临床应用提供了研究方向和科学依据。

Abstract: Objective: Frankincense is a resin exudated from the bark of frankincense trees in the genus Frankincense of olive family. Modern clinical studies show that the main pharmacological activi-ties of Frankincense include anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, neuroprotective, antiviral and anti-bacterial activities, but the mechanism of its anti-inflammatory activity remains unclear. Methods: In this study, the active ingredients of frankincense, corresponding target genes of active ingredients and related anti-inflammatory signaling pathways were studied by searching TCMSP, Swiss, Venny2.1, Gene Cards and other databases. The “component-target” network was constructed to analyze the interaction of target proteins, GO biological function and KEGG pathway enrichment. Results: According to the research results, 12 active components were screened out from frankincense, including frankincense lipoic acid, fenol, glycerol, etc. 52 target genes, including PRKCH, PRKCG, NOS2, PTPN2, PRKCE, etc. 8 inflammatory related signaling pathways, such as NF-κB signaling pathway, TRP signaling pathway, etc. Discussion: Frankincense can exert anti-inflammatory effects through target genes such as PRKCH and PRKCG, as well as NF-κB and TRP signaling pathways. The “multi-component-multi-target-multi-pathway” action characteristics of frankincense provide research direction and scientific basis for clinical application of frankincense and its components.