老年全髋关节置换术后患者生存质量相关因素的调查研究

Study on the Factors Related to Quality of Life in Elderly Patients after Total Hip Arthroplasty

摘要: 目的：了解老年全髋关节置换术后患者生存质量的现状，分析对其生存质量相关的影响因素，为提高老年全髋关节置换术后患者生存质量提供有力依据。方法：本研究选取2020年01月~2020年11月在右江民族医学院附属医院骨科门诊复查的老年全髋关节置换术后三个月患者200名，采用统一的一般情况调查表、Harris评分问卷、SF-36量表，对患者进行现场的问卷调查。全部问卷填写完毕后立即收回，及时进行检查。本次研究采用SPSS20.0分析，计数数据(%)采用X2检验，计量数据( )采用t检验，P < 0.05为差异显著。结果：老年全髋关节置换术后患者生存质量处于中低水平，最低分14分，最高分91分，平均得分(48.07 + 17.98)分；不同年龄、性别、文化程度、婚姻状况、既往基础疾病、术后并发症等因素对患者的生活质量有影响，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)；Harris评分越低、步行能力测试用时越长，患者生存质量越差(P < 0.05)；多元线性回归分析得出：高龄、女、文化程度低、手术时机延迟、髋关节功能差、其生存质量差。结论：年龄、性别、文化程度、婚姻状况、既往基础疾病、手术方式、术后并发症、髋关节功能等都是老年全髋关节置换术后患者生存质量的影响因素。全面掌握老年全髋关节置换术后患者生存质量的相关因素，具有重要临床意义。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the current situation of the quality of life of elderly patients after total hip arthroplasty, and analyze the related factors, so as to provide a strong basis for improving the quality of life of elderly patients after total hip arthroplasty. Methods: In this study, 200 elderly patients three months after total hip arthroplasty reexamined in the orthopedic outpatient de-partment of the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities from January 2020 to November 2020 were selected. A unified general condition questionnaire, Harris score questionnaire and SF-36 scale were used to conduct an on-site questionnaire survey on the patients. All questionnaires will be taken back immediately after completion and checked in time. SPSS20.0 analysis was adopted in this study. X2 test was used for enumeration data (%) and t test was used for measurement data ( ). P < 0.05 was considered significant difference. Results: The quality of life of the elderly patients after total hip arthroplasty was in the middle and low level, the lowest score was 14, the highest score was 91, and the average score was (48.07 + 17.98). Different age, gender, educational level, marital status, previous basic diseases, postoperative complications and other factors had an impact on the quality of life of patients, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The lower the Harris score and the longer the walking ability test, the worse the quality of life (P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that: elderly, female, low educational level, delayed operation time, poor hip function, poor quality of life. Conclusion: Age, gender, educational level, marital status, previous underlying diseases, surgical methods, postoperative complications, hip function and so on are all factors affecting the quality of life of elderly patients after total hip arthroplasty. It is of great clinical significance to comprehensively grasp the related factors of quality of life of elderly patients after total hip arthroplasty.