39,069例泌尿生殖道支原体培养及药敏结果分析

Analysis on the Culture and Drug Sensitivity of 39,069 Cases of Urogenital Mycoplasma

摘要: 目的：分析重庆医科大学附属第二医院解脲支原体(U. urealyticum, Uu)和人型支原体(M. hominis, Mh)引起的泌尿生殖道感染特点及其耐药变化情况，为临床用药和防治提供参考。方法：选取2015~2020年我院39,069例支原体培养和药敏结果进行回顾性统计分析。结果：39,069例患者标本中(女性34,678例、男性4391例)，支原体阳性标本21,031例，总检出率为53.83%，女性阳性标本19,444例，检出率56.07%，男性阳性标本1587例，检出率36.14%。其中单纯Uu感染16,292例、Uu + Mh混合感染4731例、单纯Mh感染8例。药敏结果表明，支原体对交沙霉素、美满霉素、强力霉素、克拉霉素敏感率高，分别为97.4%、96.5%、96.1%、94.8%。对氧氟沙星、司帕沙星、左旋氧氟沙星耐药率高，分别为63.5%、47.9%、42.8%。结论：本院泌尿生殖道支原体感染检出率较高，单纯Uu感染为主，敏感抗生素以交沙霉素、美满霉素、强力霉素、克拉霉素为主，耐药抗生素以喹诺酮类为主，其中交沙霉素可作为本院支原体感染治疗的首选药物。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the characteristics and drug resistance changes of urogenital tract infection caused by U. urealyticum (Uu) and M. hominis (Mh) in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, and to provide reference for clinical medication and prevention. Methods: A retrospective statistical analysis was conducted on the culture and drug sensitivity of 39,069 my-coplasma patients in our hospital from 2015 to 2020. Results: Among 39,069 patients (34,678 fe-males and 4391 males), there were 21,031 mycoplasma positive specimens, with a total detection rate of 53.83%, 19,444 female positive specimens with a detection rate of 56.07%, and 1587 male positive specimens with a detection rate of 36.14%. There were 16,292 cases of simple Uu infection, 4731 cases of mixed Uu + Mh infection and 8 cases of simple Mh infection. The sensitivity of mycoplasma was 97.4%, 96.5%, 96.1% and 94.8%, respectively, to josamycin, minocycline, doxycycline and clarithromycin. The drug resistance rates of ofloxacin, sparfloxacin and levofloxacin were 63.5%, 47.9% and 42.8%, respectively. Conclusion: The detection rate of mycoplasma infection in urogenital tract in our hospital is high, and simple Uu infection is the main infection. The sensitive antibiotics are mainly josamycin, marvelmycin, doxycycline and clarithromycin, while the resistant antibiotics are mainly quinolones, among which josamycin can be used as the first choice for the treatment of mycoplasma infection in our hospital.