电子喉镜窄带成像技术在下咽癌诊断中的应用

Application of Electronic Laryngoscope Narrow-Band Imaging Technique in the Diagnosis of Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma

摘要: 目的：探讨电子喉镜窄带成像技术(NBI)在临床上用于下咽癌诊断的价值。方法：选取2019年2月至2021年12月于青岛大学附属医院耳鼻喉科门诊就诊可疑下咽病变的120例患者，每位患者均用白光和窄带成像模式的电子喉镜进行检查，取组织活检，以病理结果为金标准，评估两种模式在诊断下咽恶性肿瘤的敏感性、特异性和准确性。结果：120例患者中，确诊患者89例，白光模式敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为83.15%、74.19%、80.83%；NBI模式的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为93.26%、83.87%、90.83%。NBI模式对下咽恶性肿瘤诊断的敏感性和准确性均高于白光模式，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，但两者对于下咽恶性肿瘤诊断的特异性差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论：电子喉镜窄带成像技术有助于提高下咽恶性肿瘤的早期发现，提升疾病的诊断率，有较好的临床应用价值。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the clinical value of narrow-band imaging (NBI) of electronic laryngoscope in the diagnosis of hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: From February 2019 to December 2021, 120 patients with suspected hypopharyngeal lesions were selected from the Otolaryngology Department of Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital. Each patient was examined by electronic laryngoscopy in white light and narrow-band imaging modes, and tissue biopsy was taken. The pathological results were used as the gold standard to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the two modes in diagnosing hypopharyngeal malignancies. Results: Among the 120 patients, 89 were diagnosed, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of white light mode were 83.15%, 74.19% and 80.83%, respectively; the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of NBI mode were 93.26%, 83.87% and 90.83%. The sensitivity and accuracy of NBI mode in the diagnosis of hypopharyngeal malignant tumors were higher than those of white light mode, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in specificity between the two in the diagnosis of hypopharyngeal malignant tumors (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Electronic laryngoscope narrow-band imaging technology can help improve the early detection of hypopharyngeal malignant tumors, improve the diagnosis rate of the disease, and has good clinical application value.