针式形磁性复合流体抛光工具设计及工艺试验

Design and Process Test of Needle-Shaped Magnetic Composite Fluid Polishing Tool

摘要: 针对深孔内壁光整加工效率低且成本高的技术难题，提出采用自主研制的针式形磁性复合流体(Magnetic Compound Fluid, MCF)抛光工具头对深孔零件进行光整加工。采用COMSOL Multiphysics对永磁铁结构进行建模仿真，设计磁场分布均匀的针式形抛光工具头结构；建立MCF深孔抛光的磁场模型和流场模型，并对其进行耦合仿真，分析流体流动特性。以黄铜H62工件为抛光对象，开展工艺试验，并对抛光前后工件的表面微观形貌、表面粗糙度以及材料去除率进行研究。试验结果表明：当针式抛光工具头转速为1400 r/min，抛光间隙为1 mm时，获得较好的抛光效果，有效改善了深孔内壁表面质量。同时试验结果验证了该方法的有效性，为实现MCF深孔抛光技术奠定研究基础。

Abstract: Aiming at the technical problems of low efficiency and high cost of finishing the inner wall of deep holes, a self-developed needle-shaped Magnetic Compound Fluid (MCF) polishing tool head was proposed to finish finishing the deep hole parts. COMSOL Multiphysics was used to model and simulate the permanent magnet structure, and the needle-shaped polishing tool head structure with uniform magnetic field distribution was designed; the magnetic field model and flow field model of MCF deep hole polishing were established, and the coupled simulation was carried out to analyze the fluid flow characteristics. Taking the brass H62 workpiece as the research object, the polishing process experiment was carried out, and the surface micro-morphology, surface roughness and material removal rate of the workpiece before and after polishing were studied. The experimental results show that when the rotational speed of the needle-type polishing tool head is 1400 r/min and the polishing gap is 1 mm, a better polishing effect can be obtained and the surface quality of the workpiece is the best. At the same time, the experimental results verify the effectiveness of the method and lay a research foundation for the realization of MCF deep hole polishing technology.