功能性消化不良的研究进展

Research Progress of Functional Dyspepsia

摘要: 功能性消化不良(Functional Dyspepsia, FD)是消化系统常见的一种慢性反复性的功能性疾病，对患者身心健康造成极大的不良影响。现代医学认为其发病机制与胃肠激素水平改变、胃肠运动障碍、内脏敏感性的增高、幽门螺旋杆菌感染、精神心理因素、脑–肠轴调节障碍、十二指肠屏障受损与微炎症、肠道菌群失调、遗传等因素相关。治疗主要以调节胃肠运动与胃肠激素水平、抗幽门螺旋杆菌、保护胃黏膜以及抗焦虑抑郁等措施为主。中医认为其病位主要在脾胃，病机为脾胃升降失职中焦痞塞不通。在治疗上根据相关的诊疗共识意见及个人临床实践经验，进行遣方组药治疗。文章通过查阅相关文献，从现代医学与传统医学两个方面总结本病的研究概括，为临床治疗提供参考依据。

Abstract: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common chronic and repetitive functional disease of the digestive system, which has a great impact on the physical and mental health of patients. Modern medicine believes that its pathogenesis is related to changes in gastrointestinal hormone levels, gastrointestinal motility disorders, increased visceral sensitivity, Helicobacter pylori infection, mental and psychological factors, brain-gut axis regulation disorders, duodenal barrier damage and microinflammation, intestinal flora imbalance, genetic and other factors. Treatment is mainly based on the regulation of gastrointestinal motility and gastrointestinal hormone levels, anti-Helicobacter pylori, protection of gastric mucosa, and anti-anxiety and depression measures. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the disease location is mainly in the spleen and stomach, and the pathogenesis is that the spleen and stomach are dereliction of duty, and the middle coke is blocked. In terms of treatment, according to the relevant consensus opinions on diagnosis and treatment and personal clinical practice experience, the prescription and group drug treatment are carried out. This article summarizes the research of this disease from two aspects of modern medicine and traditional medicine by consulting relevant literature, and provides reference for clinical treatment.