阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征伴缺血性脑血管病与颅内外血管斑块的研究进展

Research Progress of Obstructive Sleep Apnea syndrome with Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease and Intracranial and Intracranial Vascular Plaques

摘要: 目前尚不清楚阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征合并脑血管疾病患者与颅内外血管斑块之间是否存在直接或间接的因果关系，有研究证实，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与缺血性脑血管疾病的发生密切相关。许多研究表明：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征是缺血性脑血管疾病的一个独立危险因素，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征病人在夜间睡眠期间会反复出现呼吸暂停、间歇性低氧血症，该变化可引起血管内皮功能障碍、炎性因子增加、代谢紊乱，导致动脉粥样硬化斑块发生率增加，目前阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与动脉血管的斑块成分、斑块稳定性的研究较少，具体机制尚不明确，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征是否会影响斑块的稳定性，导致阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征病人更容易发生脑血管疾病，可通过影像学方面观察阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与缺血性脑血管疾病患者颅内外血管斑块相关性进行分析，本文综述了阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征伴缺血性脑血管疾病患者与血管斑块的研究进展。

Abstract: It is still unclear whether there is a direct or indirect causal relationship between patients with ob-structive sleep apnea syndrome and cerebrovascular disease and intracranial and intracranial vascular plaques. Studies have confirmed that obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and ischemic cerebrovascular plaques are closely related. Many studies have shown that obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is an independent risk factor for ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Patients with ob-structive sleep apnea syndrome will experience repeated apnea and intermittent hypoxemia dur-ing sleep at night. Changes can cause vascular endothelial dysfunction, increased inflammatory fac-tors, and metabolic disorders, leading to an increase in the incidence of atherosclerotic plaques. At present, studies on obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and arterial plaque components and plaque stability are less, the specific mechanism is not clear, whether obstructive sleep apnea syndrome will affect the stability of the plaque, making patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome more prone to cerebrovascular disease, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome can be observed by imaging. The correlation between sleep apnea syndrome and intracranial and intracranial vascular plaques in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease was analyzed. This article reviewed the research progress of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and ischemic cerebrovascular disease and vascular plaques.