营商环境与组织公平——基于模糊集定性比较分析

Business Environment and Organizational Equity—Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on Fuzzy Sets

摘要: 营商环境作为影响企业创新能力和发展活力的重要因素，对企业产生积极影响的过程是由内部不同要素的交互协同而非单一要素作用的，针对营商环境的研究运用更为“整体的”与组合化的视角能更好地适配研究的需求。组织公平作为组织员工在组织内对自身公平感的感知，对企业经营与企业内部管理会产生直接或间接的效用。影响员工对组织内部的公平感感知的因素除了来源于员工自身因素与组织公平感建设外，还可能受到外部营商环境的影响。本文基于组态视角，研究营商环境是如何影响组织公平的。采用fsQCA (模糊集定性比较分析)方法探究营商环境六大要素及其内部之间的组态关系如何作用于组织公平感从而产生高的组织公平感。结果表明：在营商环境的六大要素中，政务环境和市场环境两者作为核心条件的叠加效应会支撑高组织公平的产生，推动组织内部分配公平、程序公平、人际公平和信息公平的建设，从而建设公平的组织环境，以利于组织成员的职业成长，为组织长期的健康发展提供保障。

Abstract: Business environment, as an important factor affecting the innovation ability and development vitality of enterprises, has a positive impact on enterprises by the interaction and coordination of different internal factors rather than a single factor. The research on business environment can better meet the needs of research by using a more “holistic” and combinatorial perspective. Organizational justice, as the perception of employees’ sense of fairness in the organization, will have a direct or indirect effect on enterprise operation and internal management. The factors that affect employees’ perception of the sense of fairness within the organization not only come from employees’ own factors and the construction of the sense of organizational fairness, but also may be affected by the external business environment. Based on the perspective of configuration, this paper studies how the business environment affects organizational equity. Using fsQCA (fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis) method to explore how the six elements of business environment and their internal configuration relationship affect the sense of organizational justice, so as to produce a high sense of organizational justice. The results show that among the six elements of business environment, the superposition effect of government environment and market environment as the core conditions will support the emergence of high organizational justice and promote the construction of internal distribution justice, procedural justice, interpersonal justice and information justice, so as to build a fair organizational environment, which is conducive to the career growth of organization members and provide guarantee for the long-term healthy development of the organization.