青春期留守儿童孤独感及其影响因素：基于潜在剖面分析

Adolescent Left-Behind Children’s Loneliness and Its Effect Factors: Based on Latent Profile Analysis

摘要: 目的：探讨青春期留守儿童孤独感的潜在类别及其影响因素。方法：采用方便取样选取682名留守初中生，采用家庭适应与亲合评价量表、领悟社会支持量表和孤独感量表测量亲子亲合、领悟社会支持和孤独感，采用潜在剖面分析探讨孤独感的潜在类别，采用多项logistic回归分析探讨孤独感的影响因素。结果：青春期留守儿童孤独感可分为低孤独感组(27.2%)、中等孤独感组(44.3%)和高孤独感组(28.5%) 3个潜在类别，男生相较女生更容易体验到高孤独感，与高孤独感相比，父亲亲合、母亲亲合与领悟社会支持得分高的留守儿童更容易体验到低孤独感。结论：青春期留守儿童孤独感存在不同潜在类别，较好的亲子关系和较高的社会支持有助于降低孤独感。

Abstract: Aim: To explore the potential categories and influencing factors of loneliness in adolescent left-behind children. Methods: Convenience sampling was used to select 682 left-behind middle school students. Family Adaptation and Affinity Assessment Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale and Loneliness Scale were used to measure parent-child Cohesion, social support and loneliness. Potential profile analysis was used to explore loneliness categories. The multinomial logistic re-gression analysis was used to explore the influencing factor of loneliness’s potential categories. Results: The loneliness of adolescent left-behind children can be divided into three potential cat-egories: low loneliness group (27.2%), moderate loneliness group (44.3%) and high loneliness group (28.5%). Boys, compared with girls, are easier to experience high loneliness. Compared with high loneliness group, the left-behind children with high level of father Cohesion, mother Cohesion and social support were more likely to experience lower loneliness. Conclusion: There are different potential categories of loneliness among adolescent left-behind children. Better parent-child Cohesion and higher social support can reduce loneliness.