研读《伤寒杂病论》学治水肿经方

Study on “Treatise on Typhoid and Miscellaneous Diseases” to Learn the Prescription for Treating Edema

摘要: 水肿的病人在临床各科均可见到，而最多的非肾病科莫属。水肿既是多种疾病的症状，如各类急慢性肾炎、肾功能不全、心力衰竭、下肢静脉血栓、肝硬化失代偿等，也可以作为单独的一个疾病存在，如特发性水肿。对于喜欢运用经方的中医医师来说，系统总结《伤寒杂病论》中用于治疗水肿的经方并加以学习，会使日后工作中处理相关疾病更加得心应手。作者通过网络及书本搜寻，发现小柴胡汤、柴胡桂枝干姜汤、五苓散、十枣汤、麻黄连翘赤小豆汤、麻黄附子细辛汤、真武汤的运用最多及有显著代表性，故本文主要针对这些方在治疗水肿中的应用加以阐述，文献中其他出现频率相对较低或代表性不强但的确有效的经方如泽泻汤、猪苓汤等就暂先不作详细探究。

Abstract: Edema can be seen in all clinical departments, and the most common is not nephropathy. Edema is a symptom of various diseases, such as acute and chronic nephritis, renal insufficiency, heart failure, venous thrombosis of lower limbs, decompensation of liver cirrhosis, etc., or it can be a separate disease, such as idiopathic edema. For traditional Chinese doctors who like to use classical prescription, systematically summarizing the classical prescription used in the treatment of edema in “Treatise on Typhoid and miscellaneous diseases” and learning it will make it more handy to deal with related diseases in future work. Through searching on the Internet and books, the author found that Xiaoxihu decoction, Chaihu-Gui stems and ginger decoction, Wuling powder, Shizao decoction, Ephedra forhiatus and red adzuka bean decoction, Ephedra aconite asarum decoction and Zhenwu decoction were most commonly used or had significant representatives. Therefore, this paper mainly expounded the application of these decoctions in the treatment of edema. In the literature, other traditional prescriptions that appear less frequently or are not representative but are effective, such as Zexie decoction and Zhuling decoction, will not be explored in detail for the moment.