高海拔地区幽门螺杆菌感染研究现状

Research Status of Helicobacter pylori Infection in High Altitude Areas

摘要: 幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori, Hp)是一种革兰阴氏菌，感染世界近半人数，约85%左右的感染者并无特殊临床表现，但可导致胃炎、消化性或十二指肠溃疡、胃腺癌和黏膜相关组织淋巴瘤等严重不良远期预后，高海拔地区具有低氧、寒冷的环境特征，且医疗、卫生等条件差，较低海拔地区幽门螺杆菌感染率更高，故对于幽门螺杆菌的精准检测对于治疗防治意义深远。目前Hp提供了多种常规检测方法，包括粪便抗原检测、快速尿素酶试验等，及近年来国内外研究的热点聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测方法。本文通过对高海拔地区幽门螺杆菌感染研究现状加以综述，探讨一检测效能更高的方法，以期精准的检测高海拔地区居民Hp感染者并能达到高清除率来提高高海拔地区人民生活质量。

Abstract: Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative bacterium, which infects nearly half of the world. About 85% of the infected people have no special clinical manifestations, but it can lead to serious adverse long-term prognosis such as gastritis, peptic or duodenal ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa associated tissue lymphoma. High altitude areas have the characteristics of hypoxia and cold envi-ronment, and the medical and health conditions are poor. The infection rate of Helicobacter pylori is higher in lower altitude areas. Therefore, the accurate detection of Helicobacter pylori is of far-reaching significance for treatment and prevention. At present, HP provides a variety of conven-tional detection methods, including fecal antigen detection, rapid urease test, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection method, which is a research hotspot at home and abroad in recent years. This paper summarizes the research status of Helicobacter pylori infection in high- altitude areas, and discusses a method with higher detection efficiency, in order to accurately detect HP infected residents in high-altitude areas and achieve high-definition elimination rate to improve the quality of life of people in high-altitude areas.