应用型高校大学生自杀意念现状及其影响因素研究

A Study on the Status and Affecting Factors of Suicide Ideation among College Students in Applied-Oriented Universities

摘要: 目的：探索应用型高校大学生自杀意念的现状及其影响因素。为高校、社区、家庭进行有针对性的干预提供一定依据。方法：采用问卷法对云南4所应用型高校2348名在校大学生进行调查，采取spss软件进行分析。结果：大学生自杀意念发生率为6.22%，不同性别、年级、家庭经济收入的大学生自杀意念发生率差异无统计学意义(p > 0.05)，不同学历大学生自杀意念发生率差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 6.523, p = 0.011*)；不同专业类型大学生自杀意念发生率差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 15.884, p = 0.007**)；不同父母婚姻状况的大学生自杀意念发生率差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 25.536, p = 0.000**)。Logistic回归分析结果显示，专业类型和父母婚姻关系进入回归方程，二者均对大学生自杀意念发生有显著的负向影响。结论：应用型高校大学生自杀意念发生率相对不高，专业类型和父母婚姻关系是自杀意念产生的重要预测因素。危机干预应重点关注父母婚姻“失和”并结合不同专业类型，联合多方力量进行。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the current situation and affecting factors of suicide ideation among college students in applied-oriented universities, and thus to provide some basis for universities, communities and families to carry our targeted intervention. Methods: The questionnaire method was used to investigate 2348 college students in 4 Applied-Oriented universities in Yunnan, and SPSS software was used for analysis. Results: The incidence rate of suicide ideation among college students was 6.22%. There was no significant difference in the rate of suicide ideation among college students of different genders, grades and family income (p > 0.05). There was significant difference in the incidence of suicide ideation among college students with different educational backgrounds (χ2 = 6.523, p = 0.011*). The incidence of suicide ideation among college students of different majors was statistically significant (χ2 = 15.884, p = 0.007**). There was significant difference in the incidence of suicide ideation among college students with different parents’ marital status (χ2 = 25.536, p = 0.000**). The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that the type of major and the marital relationship of parents entered the regression equation, and both had significant negative effects on the occurrence of suicide ideation in college students. Conclusion: The incidence of suicide ideation is relatively low among college students in Applied-Oriented universities, while major type and marital relationship of parents are important predictors of suicide ideation. Therefore, crisis intervention should focus on the “disharmony” of parents’ marriage and combine different majors and combine multiple forces.