翁源上呼吸道感染与气象环境关系初探

A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Wengyuan’s Upper Respiratory Tract Infection and Meteorological Environment

摘要: 上呼吸道感染(上感)是日常生活中最常见疾病之一，它与气象、环境密切相关。选取翁源县2018年1月1日~2019年12月31日上感就诊人数和同期气象、环境资料，采用Spearman相关分析方法分析了四季中各气象要素、主要污染物(PM₁₀、SO₂、NO₂)浓度与上感就诊人数的关系。结果表明：春季上感就诊人数与日平均气压呈显著的正相关，与日平均气温、日最高气温、日最低气温呈显著的负相关；夏季上感就诊人数与日平均气压、日(平均、最高、最低)气温呈显著的正相关，与24 h温差、最大风速呈显著的负相关；秋季上感就诊人数与日平均气压、24 h温差、日照时数及最低能见度均为显著正相关，与日最低气温、相对湿度、降水量、最大风速均为显著负相关；冬季降水量、最大风速与就诊人数呈显著正相关，其他气象要素与就诊人数相关性不明显；春、夏、冬季上感发病率受气象条件的影响大于环境条件的影响，秋季环境空气质量的作用大于气象条件。

Abstract: Upper respiratory tract infection (upper sense) is one of the most common diseases in daily life, and it is closely related to weather and environment. Selecting the number of people who went to the hospital and meteorological and environmental data for the same period from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019 in Wengyuan County, Spearman correlation analysis method was used to analyze the meteorological elements and main pollutants (PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂) and the number of people who went to the doctor for the flu in the four seasons. The results showed that: the number of people who visited a doctor for a sense of illness in spring was significantly positively correlated with the daily average air pressure, and was significantly negatively correlated with the average daily temperature, the daily maximum temperature, and the daily minimum temperature; the highest and lowest temperatures were significantly positively correlated, and significantly negatively correlated with the 24-hour temperature difference and the maximum wind speed; the number of people who visited a doctor in autumn was significantly positively correlated with the daily average air pressure, 24-hour temperature difference, sunshine hours and minimum visibility, and was significantly positively correlated with the daily average pressure, 24-hour temperature difference, and minimum visibility. The minimum temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, and maximum wind speed were all significantly negatively correlated; winter precipitation, maximum wind speed were significantly positively correlated with the number of doctor visits, and other meteorological elements were not significantly correlated with the number of doctor visits; the onset of infection in spring, summer, and winter The rate is more affected by meteorological conditions than environmental conditions, and the effect of ambient air quality in autumn is greater than that of meteorological conditions.