基于肝星状细胞的肝纤维化治疗机制研究概述

Overview of the Therapeutic Mechanism of Liver Fibrosis Based on Hepatic Stellate Cells

摘要: 肝纤维化是一个动态的肝脏疤痕修复过程，其特征是细胞外基质的净积累，是各种慢性肝病进展的共同转归。到目前为止，对于抗纤维化的治疗尚无有效的方法，除肝移植外。活化的肝星状细胞(hepatic stellate cell, HSCs)在肝纤维化的起始和进展中发挥着重要核心作用。造血干细胞和那些“反应”细胞之间的细胞间交流是造血干细胞激活和纤维形成的关键事件，miRNA、circRNA和全反式维甲酸(all-trans retinoic acid, ATRA)与HSCs的活化有着密不可分的关系。本文概述了肝纤维化发生发展过程中与肝星状细胞相关的几种常见机制，描述了造血干细胞与其他“反应”细胞之间的细胞间通讯及在造血干细胞活化过程中的作用，为潜在的抗纤维化治疗策略提供了新的思路。

Abstract: Hepatic fibrosis is a dynamic liver scar repair process characterized by net accumulation of extra-cellular matrix and is a common outcome of the progression of various chronic liver diseases. So far, there is no effective treatment for anti-fibrosis, except liver transplantation. Activated hepatic stel-late cells (HSCs) are the main cell source of stromal myofibroblasts, and play an important role in the initiation and progression of hepatic fibrosis. Intercellular communication between hematopoi-etic stem cells and those “reactive” cells is the key event of hematopoietic stem cell activation and fiber formation. MiRNA, circRNA and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) are closely related to activation of HSCs. In this paper, several common mechanisms related to hepatic stellate cells during the de-velopment and progression of hepatic fibrosis are summarized, and the intercellular communica-tion between hematopoietic stem cells and other “reactive” cells and their roles in the activation of hematopoietic stem cells are described, providing new ideas for potential anti-fibrosis treatment strategies.