钢–钢电阻点焊和自冲铆接接头力学性能对比研究

Comparative Study of Mechanical Properties of Steel-Steel Resistance Spot Welded and Self-Piercing Riveted Joints

摘要: 对厚度为1.2 mm的HC420LA采用电阻点焊和自冲铆接两种不同连接方式进行连接，并对两种不同连接接头进行准静态和中高速拉伸试验，分析对比了两种不同接头的力学性能及失效形式。结果表明不管是哪种连接接头均表现出了对拉伸速度的正敏感性，抗拉载荷随着拉伸速度增大而增大；相较而言，电阻点焊接头在拉伸和抗冲击方面的力学性能优于自冲铆接接头；准静态拉伸条件下自冲铆接的平均峰值载荷是6.51 kN，电阻点焊的是14.47 kN，比自冲铆接接头高122%，8 m/s的拉伸速度下自冲铆接的平均峰值载荷是9.68 kN，电阻点焊的是20.20 kN，比自冲铆接接头高108%。本文对此类材料的不同连接方式的力学性能差异进行了理论分析，为工程应用提供了支撑，可根据实际使用情况选择合适的连接形式。

Abstract: The HC420LA with a thickness of 1.2 mm was connected by two different connection methods, namely resistance spot welding and self-piercing riveting, and the two different connection joints were subjected to quasi-static and medium- and high-speed tensile tests to analyze and compare the mechanical properties and failure forms of the two different joints. The results show that all kinds of connection joints have shown a positive sensitivity to the tensile speed, and tensile load increases with increasing tensile speed; in comparison, the mechanical property of resistance spot welded joints in tensile and impact resistance is better than the self-piercing riveted joints; quasi-static tensile condition of the average peak load of self-piercing riveted is 6.51 kN, resistance spot welded is 14.47 kN, higher than the self-piercing riveted joints. The average peak load for a self-pierce riveted joint at a tensile speed of 8 m/s is 9.68 kN and for a resistance spot welded joint is 20.20 kN, 108% higher than that of the self-pierce riveted joint; the mechanical property curves exhibited by the two different joints are similar. This paper provides a theoretical analysis of the differences in mechanical properties of different connections for such materials, which provides support for engineering applications and allows the selection of the appropriate connection form according to the actual use.