学龄前儿童喂养相关的评估工具及其研究进展

Assessment Tools and Research Progress Related to Feeding in Preschool Children

摘要: 学龄前期(3~6岁)是儿童饮食行为和习惯形成的关键时期，一旦形成将会持续到成年期，且此期较易发生饮食行为问题。国外相关研究显示，长期的不良喂养行为及饮食行为不仅造成喂养–营养失衡，而且还会对智力发育和感知功能形成产生影响，甚至会影响到亲子及社交关系，进而影响儿童的生存质量。为避免饮食行为所引起的问题，我们必须注重合理喂养这一关键环节。对于判断某喂养行为或饮食行为是否合理，还需借助儿童喂养相关的测评量表与问卷。本篇综述以时间顺序为基线，系统回顾了国内外有关儿童学龄前期喂养的研究成果，以期为后续相关问卷的制定与选用提供参考。

Abstract: Preschool (3~6 years old) is a critical period for the formation of children’s eating behaviors and habits, and once formed, it will continue into adulthood, Eating behavior problems are more likely to occur during this period. Relevant foreign studies have shown, long-term poor feeding behavior and eating behavior not only cause feeding-nutrition imbalance. It also affects the development of intelligence and the formation of sensory functions, affecting parent-child and social relationships, and affecting the quality of life of children. To avoid problems caused by eating behavior, we must pay attention to the key link of rational feeding. For judging whether a feeding or eating behavior is reasonable, assessment scales and questionnaires related to child feeding are also required. This review is based on chronological order, a systematic review of domestic and foreign research results on preschool feeding in children, in order to provide a reference for the formulation and selection of subsequent related questionnaires.