中学生心肺耐力水平与不良心理状况留守经历及其交互作用的关联性研究

The Association between Cardiopulmonary Fitness Level of Rural Middle School Students and Left-Behind Experience and Depression and Anxiety as Well as Their Interaction

摘要: 目的：了解农村地区中学生不良心理状态与心肺耐力水平的关联，为改善农村地区青少年体质健康水平提供依据。方法：采用随机整群抽样方法，选取江西省上饶市2087名13~17岁初、高中学生为调查对象。分别采用中文版的9项抑郁症状量表(Patient health questionnaire-9 items, PHQ-9)和广泛性焦虑量表(Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, GAD-7)评估青少年抑郁、焦虑症状，同时问卷调查家庭情况和生活行为等基本信息，用20 m往返跑(20 m SRT)测试间接反映青少年心肺耐力水平。结果：农村中学生20 m SRT不合格与抑郁症状、焦虑症状、有留守经历以及三者之间的交互作用均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示，在控制性别、年龄、是否吸烟、是否饮酒、早餐行为和体力活动情况后，中学生男生20 m SRT不合格情况与抑郁症状留守经历的交互作用呈正相关(OR = 1.56, 95%CI = 1.01~2.43)。结论：抑郁症状不仅影响青少年的心理健康，还表现出心肺耐力水平的下降，相关部门应采取相应措施预防和控制农村留守中学生抑郁症状的发生。

Abstract: Objective: To understand the association between middle school students with poor mental status in rural areas and the level of cardiopulmonary fitness, so as to provide a basis for improving the physical health of adolescents in rural areas. Methods: With the method of random cluster sampling, 2087 students aged 13~17 in Shanrao City of Jiangxi Province were selected as the survey objects. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to evaluate the depression and anxiety of adolescents, and the basic information of family situation and life behaviors were investigated by questionnaire. The 20 m SRT test was used to indirectly reflect the level of cardiopulmonary fitness of adolescents. Results: The interaction between the 20 m SRT disqualification of rural middle school students and depression, anxiety, left-behind experience and the interaction among the three were of statistical significance (all P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis results showed that after controlling for gender, age, smoking, drinking, breakfast behavior and physical activity, the 20 m SRT disqualification of male middle school students was positively correlated with the interaction between depression and left-behind experience (OR = 1.56, 95%CI = 1.01~2.43). Conclusion: Depression not only affects the mental health of adolescents, but also shows a decline in the level of cardiopulmonary fitness. Relevant departments should take corresponding measures to prevent and control the occurrence of depression among rural left-behind middle school students.