杭州地区新生儿至1岁患儿肠道病毒分型分析

Analysis of Enterovirus Genotyping in Newborns to Infants within 1 Year Old in Hangzhou

摘要: 目的：分析2021年杭州地区新生儿至1岁婴儿患者肠道病毒的感染情况，了解其分子特征及流行趋势，从而为疾病的预防提供科学依据。方法：采集患者的肛拭子或咽拭子，采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测肠道病毒(EV)通用型和柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CA16型)；然后通过PCR扩增和测序验证CA16阳性样本；对于EV阳性而非CA16样本，则针对部分VP1区设计引物，进行PCR扩增和测序分析以鉴定型别；最后，在NCBI网站利用BioEdit、MEGA4生信分析软件对PCR产物序列进行比对并构建进化树以确定肠道病毒基因分型。结果：在2021年杭州地区临床初步诊断疑似肠道病毒感染的60例儿童患者中，共检出EV阳性标本29份，总阳性检出率为48%，其中CA16阳性检出率为20%。在随机抽取的10份EV阳性标本中，CA16阳性5份，EV其他分型(CA6)阳性样本1份。结论：2021年杭州地区EV CA16为主要感染型别，同时也存在EV其他型别如CA6等。因此，加强肠道病毒的监测，对解释EV的感染趋势及疾病的防控至关重要。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the infection status, molecular characteristics and epidemic trend of entero-virus in 2021 of newborns to infants within 1 year old in Hangzhou. Methods: Feces and throat swabs from patients were collected, and real-time RT-PCR was performed to determine the geno-types of enterovirus (EV) and group A 16 (CA16) of Coxsackievirus. CA16 positive samples were further analyzed with PCR amplification and sequencing. For samples of EV positive but CA16 nega-tive, primers were designed based on part of VP1 and PCR amplification and sequencing were per-formed to identify the genotypes. Finally, BioEdit and MEGA4 softwares were used to analyze the homology of the PCR products in NCBI website and phylogenetic tree was constructed to determine the EV genotyping. Results: 29 EV positive samples were found in all the 60 children with suspected EV infection in Hangzhou in 2021. The constituent ratio of EV positive was 48%, and among them, the constituent ratio of CA16 positive was 20%. Among the randomly selected 10 samples, 5 were CA16 positive and 1 was CA6 positive. Conclusion: CA16 was the major genotyping of the enterovi-rus in newborns to infants within 1 year old in Hangzhou in 2021. Meanwhile, other genotyping such as CA6 was also found. Therefore, it is important to monitor the EV genotyping for explaining the infection trend of EV and for the prevention of disease.