环境保护的企业合规研究

Corporate Compliance Research on Environmental Protection

摘要: 伴随着环境风险的扩张与蔓延，权利本位一元论向权利义务二元论转变，以及命令管制模式的日渐式微和合作行政的崛起，企业的环境保护合规需要从“外来输入型”向“内生增长型”实现过渡。作为静态的合规结构之设想，需要平衡政府作为管理者、专家与公众作为参加者、企业作为建设者，明晰三者之间的权利、义务关系，让三者呈现出法律上的三权制衡的协作型关系。作为动态化的合规设想，以企业作为市场经济活动的主要参与者，在企业合规建设方面应当按照企业运行的商业逻辑，建立一套合乎逻辑的合规方案，运用风险分析法、公积金使用法、行政和解法，继以实现环境合规的动态运转增益。

Abstract: With the expansion and spread of environmental risks, as well as the transformation of the rights standard to the duality of rights and obligations, the decline of command and control and the rise of cooperative administration, the environmental protection compliance of enterprises has stabilized from “external input” to “endogenous growth” transition. As a static compliance structure, it is necessary to balance the government as a manager, experts and the public as participants, and enterprises as builders, clarify the rights and obligations between the three, and show the three legal checks and balances collaborative relationship. As a dynamic compliance concept, with enterprises as the main participants in market economic activities, in terms of corporate compliance construc-tion, a set of logical compliance programs should be established in accordance with the business logic of enterprise operation, using risk analysis methods, provident fund use law, administrative reconciliation, followed by gains in the dynamic functioning of environmental compliance.