我国老年人机构养老选择偏好研究——基于CLASS数据的经验分析

A Study on the Preference of Institutionalized Elderly Care Choice in China—Empirical Analysis Based on CLASS Data

摘要: 随着家庭养老功能的不断弱化以及多元化的养老观念日益走进越来越多的老年人群中，机构养老发挥的作用是非常重要的。由此，探究老年人对于机构养老的选择偏好以及影响因素，了解老年人的真实需求，不仅有利于提升老年人的生活质量和幸福感，更有利于我国社会化养老服务体系快速稳健地发展。本文基于2018年CLASS基线调查数据，运用SPSS软件进行实证研究，选取老年人的个体特征变量、健康状况、家庭支持等多个变量，构建二元logistic回归模型。实证结果发现身体健康状况越差、越不能自理的老年人更倾向于选择未来在机构养老。此外，老年人的主要收入来源、是否享有养老保险以及思想观念均对老年人是否选择机构养老产生显著影响。

Abstract: With the weakening function of family elderly care and the diversified concept of elderly care com-ing into more and more elderly people, the role played by institutional elderly care is very im-portant. Thus, exploring the preference of the elderly for institutionalized elderly care and the in-fluencing factors to understand the real needs of the elderly is not only conducive to improving the quality of life and happiness of the elderly, but also to the rapid and steady development of China’s socialized elderly care service system. Based on the 2018 CLASS baseline survey data, this paper conducts an empirical study using SPSS software, and constructs a binary logistic regression model by selecting several variables such as individual characteristics variables, health status and family support of the elderly. The empirical results found that the poorer the health condition and the less able to take care of themselves, the more older people tend to choose to age in institutions in the future. In addition, the main source of income of the elderly, whether they are entitled to pension insurance or not, and their mindset all have significant effects on whether they choose institution-alized aging.