论免费通行政策的法律性质

Study on the Legal Nature of the Free Pass Policy

摘要: 国务院发布的免费通行政策虽取得良好的社会效果，但剥夺了高速公路经营企业的公路收费权，并且不提供救济途径，缺乏正当性，不合乎程序正义和实体正义。免费通行政策的法律性质决定行政机关是否需要对高速公路经营企业予以行政补偿，首先，判断免费通行政策的法律性质应当明确高速公路收费权的法律性质属于私权利，而不是公权力。其次，免费通行政策基于公共利益目的剥夺私权利，构成行政征收，应当予以补偿。

Abstract: Although the toll-free policy issued by the State Council has achieved good social effects, it deprives expressway business enterprises of their right to collect tolls and does not provide relief. It lacks legitimacy and does not conform to procedural justice and substantive justice. The legal nature of the free toll policy determines whether the administrative organ needs to make administrative compensation to the expressway operating enterprise. First, to judge the legal nature of the toll-free policy, it should be clear that the legal nature of the expressway toll right is a private right, not a public one. Secondly, the free pass policy deprives private rights for the purpose of public interest, which constitutes administrative expropriation, and thus the expressway operating enterprise should be compensated.