帕金森睡眠障碍的潜在治疗方案：褪黑素

A Potential Treatment for Parkinson’s Sleep Disorder: Melatonin

摘要: 帕金森病(Parkinson disease, PD)是一种慢性进行性的中枢神经系统变性疾病，其临床表现包括运动症状，如运动迟缓、姿势和步态异常、肌强直等和非运动症状，如睡眠障碍、感觉障碍等。其中，睡眠障碍在PD患者中因其发病率高、发病类型复杂、有效治疗方案少，严重影响患者的生活质量。褪黑素(MT)是一种由松果体腺分泌的神经激素，其在抗氧化应激、抗炎、保护线粒体以及在改善睡眠障碍、情绪障碍以及增强学习等发面都有发挥着积极作用。通过大量体内外实验，MT被证明是一种安全且耐受性良好的天然药物。目前，MT已被广泛应用于治疗多种神经系统疾病如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森等。本文将从PD的病因及机制、PD的睡眠障碍常见的类型，MT的神经保护作用及其机制，以及MT与PD非运动症状(睡眠障碍)相关性进行概括，重点阐述褪黑素在治疗帕金森病睡眠障碍的潜在可能。

Abstract: Parkinson’s disease (Parkinson disease, PD) is a chronic progressive degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Its clinical manifestations include motor symptoms, such as bradykinesia, abnormal posture and gait, myotonia, and non motor symptoms, such as sleep disorders and sen-sory disorders. Among them, sleep disorders in PD patients have a high incidence rate, complex types of disease and few effective treatment schemes, which seriously affect the quality of life of pa-tients. Melatonin (MT) is a kind of neurohormone secreted by pineal gland. It plays an active role in anti oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, mitochondrial protection, sleep disorders, mood disorders and learning enhancement. Through a large number of in vivo and in vitro experiments, MT has been proved to be a safe and well tolerated natural drug. At present, MT has been widely used to treat a variety of nervous system diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and so on. This article will summarize the etiology and mechanism of PD, the common types of sleep disor-ders in PD, the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of MT, and the correlation between MT and PD non motor symptoms (sleep disorders), focusing on the potential of melatonin in the treatment of sleep disorders in Parkinson’s disease.