大鼠皮肤生前和死后切创EⅢA-FN的比较性研究

Comparative Study of EIIIA-FN in Rat Skin Excision before and after Death

摘要: 目的：通过比较大鼠生前和死后短时间内，皮肤切创创缘皮肤EIIIA-FN的表达量变化，探讨EIIIA-FN在鉴别生前伤和死后伤的应用价值。方法：选取3月龄SD大鼠45只，随机分为生前15 min、0.5 h、1 h、2 h、4 h、8 h损伤组和死后即刻、15 min损伤组及正常对照组，每组5只；大鼠四肢上段外侧行切创，对应时间点处死大鼠后2 h、4 h、8 h、24 h取切创创缘及背部皮肤，利用免疫组织化学染色方法检测EIIIA-FN的表达，比较切创创缘和背部皮肤EIIIA-FN表达量的差异、生前伤和死后伤引起的EIIIA-FN表达量差异。结果：生前损伤组切创创缘和背部皮肤EIIIA-FN表达量差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，生前0.5 h、1 h、2 h、4 h、8 h损伤组与死后损伤组切创创缘皮肤EIIIA-FN表达量差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，死后2 h、4 h、8 h、24 h皮肤EIIIA-FN表达量差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论：皮肤局部损伤不会引起全身皮肤EIIIA-FN变化，皮肤早期损伤时间与EIIIA-FN表达量之间存在一定的正相关关系，EIIIA-FN可以鉴别生前损伤时间在0.5 h以上的损伤和死后15 min内损伤，且死后24 h内不同时间对皮肤EIIIA-FN的表达量无影响，EIIIA-FN有望成为法医病理实践中鉴别生前伤和死后伤的指标。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the value of EIIIA-FN in differentiating antemortem injury from postmor-tem injury in rats, the expression of EIIIA-FN was compared between antemortem injury and post-mortem injury in rats. Methods: Forty-five 3-month-old SD rats were randomly divided into the in-jury group of 15 min, 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h and 8 h before death, the injury group of 15 min immedi-ately after death and the normal control group, with 5 rats in each group. The upper lateral seg-ment of the limbs of rats were incised, and the skin of the incised margin and back was incised 2 h, 4 h, 8 h and 24 h after the rats were sacrificed at corresponding time points. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of EIIIA-FN in the incised margin and back skin, and to compare the expression of EIIIA-FN in the incised margin and back skin, and the difference of the expression of EIIIA-FN caused by antemortem injury and postmortem injury. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the expression level of EIIIA-FN in the wound margin and back skin of the injury group before death (P < 0.05), and there were statistically significant differences in the expression level of EIIIA-FN in the injury group at 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h and 8 h before death and in the injury group after death (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of EIIIA-FN at 2 h, 4 h, 8 h and 24 h after death (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Local skin injury did not cause the change of skin EIIIA-FN in whole body. There was a positive correlation between the time of early skin injury and the expression of EIIIA-FN. The expression of EIIIA-FN could distinguish the injury with the time of antemortem injury more than 0.5 h from the injury within 15 min after death. The expression of EIIIA-FN in skin was not affected by different time within 24 h after death, and EIIIA-FN is expected to be used as an indicator to distinguish antemortem injury from post-mortem injury in forensic pathology practice.