论代持股协议中隐名股东的权益保护

On the Protection of Rights and Interests of Hidden Shareholders in Proxy Shareholding Agreement

摘要: 随着市场经济的开放，我国经济领域接受许多经济制度与投资方式。而隐名投资就是外来品。隐名投资实际上是借用他人的真实姓名隐去自己的真实姓名为特征，与正常的投资的方式不一样，一旦遇到纠纷等问题实际出资人的合法权益无法得到有效的保护。如何保护出资人的权益，这在英美法系与大陆法系中都是一个难以解决的问题。根据我国新出台的《九民纪要》中对隐名股东的认定及隐名股东能否排除强制执行等一系列问题作出的回应意味着对隐名投资名义上的合法化，但是对于我国所有的法律解释都过于笼统，并没有针对具体的问题出此对策，实际操作起来十分不易。如果缺乏有效的法律约束而不加控制则很可能造成经济泡沫，所以如何保障隐名股东的合法权益值得我们进行深入的讨论，本文将对隐名股东的权益保护进行研究。

Abstract: With the opening of the market economy, China’s economic field accepts many economic systems and investment methods. And anonymous investment is introduced from foreign countries. In fact, anonymous investment is characterized by the use of other people’s real names to conceal their own real names, which is different from normal investment. In case of disputes and other problems, the legitimate rights and interests of actual investors can’t be effectively protected. How to protect the rights and interests of these investors is a difficult problem in the common law system and civil law system. According to China’s new “9th Conference Minutes”, it cognizes anonymous shareholders and its response to a series of problems on whether eliminate compulsory execution of anonymous shareholders, which means the legalization of anonymous investment in name; but for all the legal interpretation in our country, it is too general, there is no countermeasure for the specific problem, thus actually not easy to operate. If there is no effective legal constraint and no control, it is likely to cause economic bubbles. Therefore, how to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the hidden shareholders is worth our in-depth discussion. This paper will study the protection of the rights and interests of anonymous shareholders.