六盘水市近58年初、终霜日及无霜期气候特征分析

Analysis of the Climatic Characteristics of First, Last Frost Dates and Frost-Free Period in Recent 58 Years in Liupanshui

摘要: 利用六盘水市3县站1961~2018年初霜日、终霜日和无霜期资料，采用线性倾向估计法、Mann-Kendall检验等方法分析六盘水市的初、终霜日及无霜期气候特征和变化趋势。分析表明：六盘水市初霜日的空间分布是由东向西向北逐渐提前，终霜日由东向西向北逐渐推后，无霜期由东向西向北逐渐减少。六盘水市平均初霜日为11月30日，呈推后趋势，线性倾向率为2 d/10a；六盘水市平均终霜日为2月22日，呈提前趋势，线性倾向率为−3.5 d/10a；六盘水市平均无霜期为282 d，呈增多趋势，线性倾向率为2.7 d/10a。初霜日在1994年前后发生了偏早向偏晚的突变，终霜日在1992年左右发生了偏晚向偏早的突变。

Abstract: Using the data of the first frost, last frost dates and the frost-free period from 1961 to 2018 in the three-county station of Liupanshui, the linear tendency estimation method and Mann-Kendall test were used to analyze the climatic characteristics and changing trend. The analysis shows that the spatial distribution of the first frost dates in Liupanshui is gradually advanced from east to west and north, the final frost dates are gradually delayed from east to west and north, and the frost-free period is gradually reduced from east to west and north. The average first frost date was November 30, showing a trend of delay, and the linear trend rate was 2 d/10a. The average final frost date was February 22, showing an advanced trend, and the linear trend rate was −3.5 d/10a. The average frost-free period is 282 d, showing an increasing trend, and the linear trend rate is 2.7 d/10a. The early to late mutation occurred on the first frost date around 1994, and the late to early mutation occurred on the last frost date around 1992.