网络热词“破防”的词汇化过程、动因及语用探究

The Lexicalization Process, Motivation and Pragmatic Research of the Internet Hot Word “Pofang”

摘要: “破防”一词近来成为热度较高的网络流行语。通过对其演化路径进行探析发现，“破防”从明清时期作为跨层结构和动宾结构短语并存，到民国时期主要作为跨层结构出现，再到21世纪初期最终完成词汇化成为双音节词语。“破防”在历时过程中主要受韵律机制、认知隐喻机制以及高频使用三个方面的动因推动演化，同时受重新分析和缩略两个方面的机制调节与影响，最终完成词汇化。在词汇化后，由于“破防”在网络上的频繁使用，其语用功能也发生变化。

Abstract: The word “Pofang” has become a popular Internet hot word recently. Through the analysis of its evolution path, it is found that “Pofang” as a cross-layer structure, coexisted with a verb-object structure in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and mainly appeared as a cross-layer structure in the Republic of China period, and finally completed lexicalization in the early 21st century and be-came a double-syllable word. In the diachronic process, “Pofang” is mainly driven by three moti-vations: prosody mechanism, cognitive metaphor mechanism, and high-frequency usage. At the same time, it is regulated and influenced by the mechanism of reanalysis and abbreviation, and finally completes lexicalization. After lexicalization, due to the frequent use of “Pofang” on the Internet, its pragmatic function has also changed.